PERANCANGAN ALAT DAN PROGRAM MONITORING MESIN GENSET 250 kVA JARAK JAUH BERBASIS IoT

Abstrak

A generator set (genset) is an essential backup power source used across various sectors, including industry, healthcare, and public facilities. Large-capacity gensets, such as those with 250 kVA, are crucial for maintaining operational continuity, especially in areas with unstable power supply. Manual monitoring methods for gensets are often inefficient and time-consuming, particularly when the genset is located far from the operator. Technological innovation based on the Internet of Things (IoT) is needed to support remote, real-time monitoring of gensets. I The data collection method was conducted through experimental testing by varying the distance between the Wifi modem and the ESP32 microcontroller at distances of 1 meter, 5 meters, and 8 meters. The system response time was measured using a stopwatch by directly observing the time it took for the system to display data from the PZEM-004T sensor to the Blynk application. Each test was repeated nine times at each distance to obtain consistent and reliable data. The collected data were analyzed using statistical approaches and the Capability Process method to evaluate the consistency of system performance across different signal distances. The results of the study showed that the distance between the modem and ESP32 significantly affected the response time of the monitoring system. The average response time increased as the distance increased, with 0.76 seconds at 1 meter, 0.83 seconds at 5 meters, and 1.01 seconds at 8 meters. A Cp value of 1.69 indicates that the system has excellent potential process capability, while a Cpk value of 0.83 suggests that the process is not fully reliable due to a tendency of the data distribution to approach the lower specification limit. Therefore, network connection stability is a crucial factor in maintaining optimal performance of IoT-based monitoring systems in real-world applications.

Generator set (genset) adalah salah satu perangkat penting sebagai sumber daya cadangan yang digunakan di berbagai sektor, termasuk industri, layanan kesehatan, dan fasilitas publik. Genset dengan kapasitas besar, seperti 250 kVA, menjadi kebutuhan mendesak untuk menjaga kontinuitas operasi, terutama di wilayah dengan pasokan listrik yang tidak stabil. Metode pemantauan manual terhadap genset seringkali kurang efisien dan memakan waktu, terutama jika lokasi genset jauh dari pengelola. Inovasi teknologi berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) diperlukan untuk mendukung pemantauan genset jarak jauh secara real-time. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan melalui pengujian eksperimental dengan memvariasikan jarak antara modem Wifi dan mikrokontroler ESP32 yaitu pada jarak 1 meter, 5 meter, dan 8 meter. Waktu respons sistem diukur menggunakan stopwatch dengan metode pengamatan langsung terhadap waktu yang dibutuhkan sistem dalam menampilkan data dari sensor PZEM-004T ke aplikasi Blynk. Setiap pengujian dilakukan sebanyak sembilan kali pada masing-masing jarak untuk memperoleh data yang konsisten. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan statistik dan metode Capability Process untuk mengevaluasi konsistensi performa sistem terhadap variasi jarak sinyal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jarak antara modem dan ESP32 berpengaruh signifikan terhadap waktu respons sistem monitoring. Rata-rata waktu respons meningkat seiring bertambahnya jarak yaitu 0,76 detik pada 1 meter, 0,83 detik pada 5 meter, dan 1,01 detik pada 8 meter. Nilai Cp sebesar 1,69 menunjukkan bahwa sistem memiliki potensi kapabilitas proses yang sangat baik, namun nilai Cpk sebesar 0,83 mengindikasikan bahwa proses belum sepenuhnya andal akibat kecenderungan distribusi data mendekati batas bawah spesifikasi. Dengan demikian, kestabilan koneksi jaringan menjadi faktor penting dalam menjaga performa sistem monitoring berbasis IoT agar tetap optimal dalam penerapannya di lingkungan nyata.