ANALISIS TANTANGAN STRUKTURAL DAN PROSEDURAL PENGADILAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN BAGI PEKERJA DAN PENGUSAHA

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tantangan struktural dan prosedural Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial (PHI) dalam mewujudkan keadilan bagi pekerja dan pengusaha di Indonesia. Permasalahan yang dikaji adalah: (1) apa saja tantangan struktural dan prosedural yang dihadapi PHI dalam proses penyelesaian sengketa hubungan industrial, dan (2) bagaimana tantangan tersebut memengaruhi upaya mewujudkan keadilan bagi para pihak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, serta literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterbatasan sebaran PHI, infrastruktur dan sumber daya manusia yang tidak sebanding dengan volume perkara, serta prosedur yang berjenjang, formalistis, dan lamban, mengakibatkan akses keadilan bagi pekerja terhambat, beban pembuktian menjadi tidak seimbang, serta menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan beban biaya proses bagi pengusaha. Kondisi tersebut berujung pada tergerusnya kepercayaan terhadap PHI dan menunjukkan perlunya reformasi menyeluruh atas desain kelembagaan dan hukum acara PHI agar mampu memberikan keadilan yang lebih efektif dan berimbang bagi pekerja maupun pengusaha.

This study aims to analyze the structural and procedural challenges of the Industrial Relations Court (PHI) in realizing justice for workers and employers in Indonesia. The problems studied are: (1) what are the structural and procedural challenges faced by the PHI in the process of resolving industrial relations disputes, and (2) how these challenges affect efforts to realize justice for the parties. This study uses a normative legal research method with a legislative, conceptual, and related literature approach. The results of the study indicate that the limited distribution of the PHI, infrastructure and human resources that are not commensurate with the volume of cases, as well as hierarchical, formalistic, and slow procedures, result in hampered access to justice for workers, an imbalanced burden of proof, and give rise to legal uncertainty and burden of process costs for employers. These conditions have resulted in the erosion of trust in the PHI and indicate the need for comprehensive reform of the institutional design and procedural law of the PHI to be able to provide more effective and balanced justice for workers and employers.