HUBUNGAN STATUS EKONOMI DAN USIA PERNIKAHAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PRE-EKLAMPSIA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUMBERJAMBE

Abstrak

Pre-eclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication and a leading cause of maternal and neonatal mortality in Indonesia. Risk factors such as low economic status and age at marriage that is too young (<19 years) or too old (>35 years) increase the incidence of pre-eclampsia. Objective: To determine the relationship between economic status and age at marriage with the incidence of pre-eclampsia in the Sumberjambe Public Health Center working area. Methods: This study used a descriptive correlation design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all third-trimester primigravida pregnant women in the working area of Sumberjambe Public Health Center, totaling 52 respondents, selected by total sampling. A questionnaire was used as the instrument, and data were analyzed with the Spearman Rho test. Results: There was a significant relationship between economic status and the incidence of pre-eclampsia (p = 0.001 < 0.05) and between age at marriage and the incidence of pre-eclampsia (p = 0.001 < 0.05). Conclusion: Low economic status and age at marriage outside the ideal range are associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia. Suggestion: Education on ideal marriage and pregnancy readiness should be enhanced, especially for reproductive-aged couples in the Sumberjambe Public Health Center area.

Pre-eklampsia merupakan salah satu komplikasi kehamilan yang berbahaya dan menjadi penyebab utama kematian ibu dan bayi di Indonesia. Faktor risiko seperti status ekonomi rendah dan usia pernikahan yang terlalu muda (<19 tahun) atau terlalu tua (>35 tahun) dapat meningkatkan kejadian pre-eklampsia. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara status ekonomi dan usia pernikahan dengan kejadian pre-eklampsia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sumberjambe. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu hamil trimester III primigravida di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sumberjambe sebanyak 52 responden, diambil menggunakan total sampling. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner, analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Spearman Rho. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara status ekonomi dengan kejadian pre-eklampsia (p = 0,001 < 0,05) dan antara usia pernikahan dengan kejadian pre-eklampsia (p = 0,001 < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Status ekonomi rendah dan usia pernikahan di luar rentang ideal berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko pre-eklampsia. Saran: Edukasi mengenai kesiapan pernikahan dan kehamilan ideal perlu ditingkatkan, khususnya pada pasangan usia subur di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sumberjambe.