STATUS PENCEMARAN PERAIRAN SUNGAI BONE BERDASARKAN INDEKS SAPROBIK

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kestabilan ekosistem berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi. Serta status pencemaran perairan berdasarkan indeks saprobik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sungai Bone pada Bulan Maret dan November 2022. Penelitian dilakukan di delapan stasiun dengan menggunkan metode purpossive sampling. Sampel perifiton diperoleh secara langsung dengan cara mengikis substrat batu menggunakan bingkai sampling ukuran 4×4 cm². Parameter fisika- kimia yang diamati terdiri dari suhu, kecerahan, pH dan DO (Dissolved oxygen). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan organisme perifiton di Sungai Bone teridentifikasi sebanyak 146 spesies yang terdiri dari 33 kelas dengan kelimpahan total berkisar antara 2480 ind/cm² hingga 92234 ind/cm². Indeks keanekaragaman (H') memiliki kriteria sangat tinggi, indeks keseragaman (E) memiliki kriteria tinggi dan indeks dominansi (D) memiliki kriteria rendah- tinggi. Nilai indeks saprobik termasuk dalam kategori tercemar ringan hingga tercemar agak tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, Sungai Bone termasuk ke dalam perairan yang sudah tercemar.

This study aims to understand ecosystem stability according to diversity, uniformity, dominance index, and pollution status based on the saprobic index. The study was conducted from March to November 2022 in eight Bone river station using purposive sampling. The periphyton sample was obtained directly by scraping the stone substrate using a 4x4 cm² sampling frame. The physicochemical parameters observed were temperature, brightness, pH and DO (Dissolved Oxygen). The result shows that the identified periphyton organism in Bone river were 146 species consisting of 33 classes, and the total abundance was from 2480 ind/cm² to 92234 ind/cm². The diversity Index (H') was in high criteria, the uniformity index (E) was also in high criteria, and the dominance index (D) was in low-high criteria. The saprobic index value ranged from lightly polluted to slightly polluted. According to this result, Bone river can be classified as polluted waters.