STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BERKELANJUTAN DALAM PENINGKATAN KEPARIWISATAAN DI DESA WISATA PELA KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan berkelanjutan dalam peningkatan kepariwisataan di Desa Wisata Pela Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi. Informan penelitian terdiri atas Kepala Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis), aparatur desa, anggota Pokdarwis, dan masyarakat Desa Wisata Pela yang dipilih secara purposive. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana, sedangkan keabsahan data dilakukan melalui triangulasi sumber, teknik, dan waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengembangan berkelanjutan di Desa Wisata Pela dilaksanakan melalui integrasi tiga dimensi utama, yaitu keberlanjutan ekonomi, sosial budaya, dan lingkungan. Dimensi ekonomi diwujudkan melalui pengembangan jasa perahu wisata, homestay, usaha kuliner, dan kegiatan ekonomi pendukung lainnya. Dimensi sosial budaya ditunjukkan melalui keterlibatan masyarakat, gotong royong, musyawarah, serta pelestarian kehidupan masyarakat sungai sebagai bagian dari daya tarik wisata. Sementara itu, dimensi lingkungan berfokus pada konservasi Pesut Mahakam melalui pengaturan aktivitas wisata dan edukasi kepada wisatawan. Faktor pendukung meliputi potensi alam dan budaya, dukungan masyarakat, peran Pokdarwis, serta dukungan pemerintah daerah. Faktor penghambat meliputi keterbatasan infrastruktur dan fasilitas, kapasitas sumber daya manusia, pemasaran digital, belum meratanya manfaat ekonomi, serta kebutuhan menjaga keseimbangan antara aktivitas wisata dan konservasi. Pengembangan Desa Wisata Pela memerlukan penguatan kelembagaan dan sinergi antara pemerintah, Pokdarwis, masyarakat, dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya.

This study aims to analyze sustainable development strategies for tourism enhancement in Pela Tourism Village, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors affecting their implementation. This research employed a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. The informants consisted of the Head of the Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis), village officials, Pokdarwis members, and local community members selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, while data validity was established through source, technique, and time triangulation. The findings indicate that sustainable tourism development in Pela Tourism Village integrates three main dimensions: economic, socio-cultural, and environmental sustainability. The economic dimension is reflected in the development of boat tour services, homestays, culinary businesses, and other tourism-related activities. The socio-cultural dimension is demonstrated through community participation, mutual cooperation, deliberation, and the preservation of river community life as part of the tourism attraction. Meanwhile, the environmental dimension focuses on the conservation of the Mahakam Irrawaddy Dolphin through tourism activity regulations and visitor education. Supporting factors include natural and cultural tourism potential, community support, the role of Pokdarwis, and local government support. Inhibiting factors include limited infrastructure and tourism facilities, human resource capacity, digital marketing limitations, unequal distribution of economic benefits, and the need to maintain a balance between tourism activities and conservation. The sustainable development of Pela Tourism Village requires stronger institutional capacity and continuous synergy among the government, Pokdarwis, local communities, and other stakeholders.