OPTIMASI MEDIA NUTRISI BAKTERI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI SELF-HEALING PADA BETON RAMAH LINGKUNGAN

Abstrak

Retakan mikro pada beton dapat menurunkan durabilitas dan umur layanan struktur. Teknologi self-healing berbasis bakteri menjadi solusi inovatif melalui mekanisme presipitasi kalsium karbonat (CaCO₃) yang mampu menutup retakan secara alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimasi media nutrisi bakteri untuk meningkatkan efisiensi self-healing pada beton ramah lingkungan. Metode eksperimen dilakukan dengan variasi komposisi nutrisi (kalsium laktat, urea, dan ekstrak ragi) serta satu sampel kontrol. Parameter yang diuji meliputi persentase penutupan retak, kuat tekan, dan permeabilitas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa komposisi nutrisi optimal mampu meningkatkan penutupan retak hingga lebih dari 90%, disertai peningkatan kuat tekan dan penurunan permeabilitas dibandingkan beton kontrol. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa optimasi media nutrisi berperan penting dalam meningkatkan efektivitas self-healing concrete sebagai material konstruksi yang lebih tahan lama dan berkelanjutan.

Microcracks in concrete can decrease the durability and service life of the structure. Bacteria-based self-healing technology is an innovative solution through a calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) precipitation mechanism that is able to close cracks naturally. This research aims to optimize bacterial nutrient media to improve the self-healing efficiency of environmentally friendly concrete. The experimental method was carried out with variations in nutrient composition (calcium lactate, urea, and yeast extract) as well as one control sample. The parameters tested included crack closure percentage, compressive strength, and permeability. The results showed that the optimal nutrient composition was able to increase crack closure by more than 90%, accompanied by an increase in compressive strength and a decrease in permeability compared to control concrete. These findings confirm that the optimization of nutrient media plays an important role in increasing the effectiveness of self-healing concrete as a more durable and sustainable construction material.